Obstetrics and Gynecology refer to the medical speciality that encompasses the two subspecialties of obstetrics (covering childbirth, pregnancy, and the postpartum period) and Gynaecology, or gynecology, deals with the health of female reproductive systems includes vagina, uterus, ovaries and the breasts. Gynaecological disease and disorders include issues corresponding with the female reproductive system. It is considered to be one of the essential medical specialities in human history.

The postgraduate training programs for both the fields are usually combined, preparing the practising obstetrician-gynaecologist to be adept both at the care of reproductive organs of female as well as at the management of pregnancy, although many doctors prefer to develop sub-speciality interests in one field or the other.

Subspecialties:

• Maternal-fetal medicine: an obstetrical subspecialty, otherwise referred to as perinatology, that focuses on the medical and surgical management of high-risk pregnancies as well as surgery on the fetus with the goal of reducing morbidity and mortality.
• Reproductive endocrinology and infertility: a subspecialty which focuses on the biological causes and interventional treatment of infertility
• Gynecological oncology: a gynecologic subspecialty which focuses on the medical and surgical procedure of women with cancers of the reproductive organs
• Female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery: another gynecologic subspecialty which focuses on diagnosis as well as surgical treatment of women suffering from urinary incontinence and prolapse of the pelvic organs.
• Advanced laparoscopic surgery
• Family planning: a gynecologic subspecialty proposing training in contraception as well as pregnancy termination (abortion)
• Pediatric and adolescent gynecology
• Menopausal and geriatric gynecology

What's the best place for Obstetrics and Gynecology treatment?

India is one of the best locations in the world when it comes to Obstetrics and Gynecology treatment. Its hospitals offer a Healthy Living Program that is described as an “immersive wellness” experience, encompassing exercise, nutrition and mind-body practices. Moreover, the cost for the treatment of Obstetrics & Gynecology is inexpensive as compared to the rest of the countries.
Hence, the availability of internationally accredited hospitals, best obesity surgeons with international exposure, low treatment cost, and importantly almost no waiting period makes India one of the best options for its treatment.

Gynaecology surgery in India successfully treats almost all the conditions related to the reproductive system and the cost invested is also affordable. For instance, the cost of hysterectomy in India ranges within $2,400-$3,600 while the price for the same ranges within $32,000-$43,000 in the US.

Amazing Facts about the Reproductive System:

• The most abundant cell of the female is the egg. At birth, a woman has between more than 1 million potential eggs, and 300,000 to 400,000 viable eggs by puberty that can be fertilised. 
• The average lifespan of an egg is about 12 to 24 hours, after which it either disintegrates or flushed out of the body with the menstrual flow. 
• The average life span of sperm is about 2 to 3 days. 
• About 500 million sperms mature every day in a healthy male 
• The human uterus can expand about 500 times its size.
• Male sperm is significantly smaller than the egg. 
• The sperm size is 2.5 to 3.5 microns, and the mature egg is 100-125 microns in diameter. 
• The fallopian tubes are no more extensive than the head of a pin. 
• The male scrotum hangs outside the body because the internal body temperature is too high which can kill the sperms. 
• Once an egg is fertilised with a sperm, the outer shell becomes impenetrable to other sperms.